As the chapters on proposals describe, there are two kinds of proposals: solicit
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As the chapters on proposals describe, there are two kinds of proposals: solicited and unsolicited. Sometimes you are invited to propose a solution to a problem or fill a need. In such instances, you get to study the request for proposals (RFPs) or call for proposals (CFPs) and write your proposal in response to those calls. Other times, you see an opportunity to improve a situation or tap on an under-utilized opportunity and write a proposal without being asked to submit it. In either of the situation, your goal is to win money (in the form of grants or investments), business opportunity, or similar other resources from your target audiences (grant-making agencies/foundations, which could be both public or private, or investors/corporations). The two most important issues in any proposal, therefore, are audience and purpose. You should identify the audience needs and priorities first: who is going to read and evaluate the proposal? What are their assumptions and expectations? What kind of information, tone, and rhetorical appeal will persuade them? If you are writing in response to an RFP, it is easier to identify their goals and expectations by reading the RFP/CFP carefully. You will have to undertake serious research about them in absence of an RFP (although a request alone may not be enough and you may need to do some research any way).
Proposals also fall into two broad categories in terms of their nature: business (or sales) proposals and charity/grant proposals. Smart use of rhetorical appeals (ethos, pathos, logos), appropriate design, and precise language are a must in either.
Components of a Proposal:
Transmittal Memo (separate document preceding the proposal and functions like a cover letter)
Proposal (main document):
Cover Page
Table of Contents
Executive Summary
Introduction/Background
Purpose (why you are writing the proposal)
Current Situation/Problem
Solutions and Deliverables overview (describing the activities to be completed to solve a problem, or items and services that will be provided)
Timeline (length of time/tentative schedule–not hard and fast here, but make it plausible) and Budget (again tentative but reasonable)
For this assignment, you will write an internal proposal addressed to the chief of the organization whose website or social media account you analyzed for your rhetorical analysis assignment. You may have already identified one or more problems in that analysis. Now you can use some of that material here to develop your proposal. Note the word “develop” which means you cannot just copy and paste. You will have to repurpose that material strategically and do additional research to publish a proposal in a standard format. Irrespective of the focus of that assignment, however, you are writing this proposal to help the organization address/solve the major issue(s) to achieve its mission.
Requirements: 1,000 words body text; concise, edited prose; formal, professional tone, single-spaced text; at least three credible sources (properly documented and cited using APA or MLA); evidence of thorough research of the problem and its potential solutions; proper alignment of problem and solution; and sound justification for the proposal (why); reasonable budget estimates and timeline. No separate cover page, table of contents required. Note that this will be an in-house proposal, so you can organize it as the sample student proposal
